Even though rituals often lack a clear causal link between an action and its goal, they tend to be perceived as causally effective due to their structural similarity to instrumental actions. Are these intuitions dependent on cultural representations of supernatural agents, or are they perceived as effective by themselves?
An experiment in which participants watched video clips of basketball players throwing the ball showed that ritualization—which players spontaneously perform prior to the throw—increases the expectation that it would be successful in the eyes of the observing participants. The results suggest that ritualization can influence the expectations about actions even outside of religious contexts. Moreover, the effect was observed both among participants that do not watch basketball games and participants that are basketball experts, suggesting that the effect of ritualization is judged via an intuitive and automatic heuristic.
You can find the article here:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010027721002420?dgcid=coauthor
In an incentivized controlled lab experiment published in the Journal of Economic Psychology, Miloš Fišar together with members of LEVYNA and other colleagues show that there are no systematic effects of ovulatory shift on salient behavioral outcomes like risk preferences, rule violation, and exploratory attitude.
In an experimental study published in the European Journal of Social Psychology, Radim Chvaja, Martin Lang and colleagues show that religious *costly* signals are more effective in communicating trustworthiness to religious/secular receivers than secular signals.
